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Clade
Subclade

Taxon
Taxon
Tyrannosauroidea
Nominal Author
Osborn 1906
2nd Nominal Author
Walker 1964
Taxon Status ACTIVE
Comments

Bonaparte et al. (1990) indicated their first used Tyrannosauroidea and were credited accordingly by Sereno (1998). Walker (1964), however, was first to use the superfamily in his classification that included the families Ornithosuchidae, Tyrannosauridae, and Spinosauridae.

Tyrannosauroidea was first defined by Sereno (1998) as a stem-based definition to include all members of this increasingly diverse stem clade. Sereno (1998) only used Neornithes as an external specifier. Holtz (2004) use Ornithomimus velox, Deinonychus antirrhopus, and Allosaurus fragilis. The critical external specifiers are those that represent clades that could conceivable be related to tyrannosauroids, and these include ornithomimosaurs, troodontids, and dromaeosaurids. There is really no need to include Allosaurus or Passer as external specifiers, as no recent cladogram considers Aves or Allosauroidea close relatives of tyrannosauroids. The active definition is a first-order revision of both previous definitions (Sereno 1998, Holtz 2004).

Potential Synonomy

Active Phylogenetic Definition
Active Definition
The most inclusive clade containing Tyrannosaurus rex Osborn 1905 but not Ornithomimus edmontonicus Sternberg 1933, Troodon formosus Leidy 1856, Velociraptor mongoliensis Osborn 192).
Shorthand
> Tyrannosaurus rex but not Ornithomimus edmontonicus, Therizinosaurus cheloniformis,Shuvuuia deserti, Oviraptor philoceratops, Troodon form
Definitional Author
Sereno 2005
Definition Status checked
Definition Type STEM
Node-Stem Triplet NO
Other Triplet Taxa
Specifiers
Specifier(s) A
Tyrannosaurus rex
Specifier(s) B
Specifier(s) C
Ornithomimus edmontonicus, Troodon formosus, Velociraptor mongoliensis
Qualifiers
+Taxon
-Taxon
Datum
Taxonomic Content
Publication Year Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
1998

Inactive Taxon Status
Rejection Criteria
Critique
 

Definitional History #1
Earliest Record
All maniraptorans closer to Tyrannosaurus than to Neornithes.
Latest Record
Sereno 1998:65
Range (My)
Range (My)
Tyrannosaurus, Neornithes
Range (My)

Definitional History #2
Earliest Record
Tyrannosaurus rex and all taxa sharing a more recent common ancestor with T. rex than with Ornithomimus velox, Deinonychus antirrhopus, or Allosaurus fragilis.
Latest Record
Holtz 2004:114
Range (My)
Range (My)
Tyrannosaurus rex, Ornithomimus velox, Deinonychus antirrhopus, Allosaurus fragilis.
Range (My)

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